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Please Confirm the Shipment of DeLL-Laptop Immediately by participating External information sudo apt-get install fakeroot kernel-wedge build-essential makedumpfile kernel-package Comments make menuconfig # or "make xconfig" if you prefer * You are a kernel developer00.com cp -vi /boot/config-`uname -r` 00.comconfig * Ubuntu Karmic Koala (900.com10) and newer releases A) Use git If you just want to update one architecture, run: echo vesafb | sudo tee -a /etc/initramfs-tools/modules debian/scripts/misc/oldconfig ARCH Use this command to build all targets for the architecture you are building on: cat debian/config/i386/config debian/config/i386/config00.comgeneric > 00.comconfig Please go to the community wiki page for comments, questions and discussion: https://wiki00.comubuntu00.comcom/KernelCustomBuild fakeroot debian/rules clean * You have no idea what you are doing, and if you break something, you'll need help fixing it00.com Depending on what you do wrong, you might end up having to reinstall your system from scratch00.com Speeding Up The Build Also note that this page describes how to do things for the Edgy (200.com600.com17) kernel and newer! Until this kernel source, we did not have any mechanisms in place that would allow people to build their own kernels easily00.com This was intentional00.com sudo apt-get build-dep linux-source To start, you will need to install a few packages00.com The exact commands to install those packages depends on which release you are using: total 108 If you have a commercial support contract with Ubuntu/Canonical, this will void such support00.com make-kpkg clean # only needed if you want to do a "clean" build These instructions are specific to the git-tree and for the source downloaded via apt-get source, not when downloading the linux-source package from kernel00.comorg -rw-r--r-- 1 root src 73962 2007-08-13 01:29 config Alternate Build Method: The Old-Fashioned Debian Way -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194 2007-08-13 01:25 vars00.com386 The new Ubuntu build system is great for developers, for people who need the absolute latest bleeding-edge kernel, and people who need to build a diverse set of kernels (several "flavours")00.com However it can be a little complex for ordinary users00.com If you don't need the latest development sources, there is a simpler way to compile your kernel from the linux-source package00.com As suggested above, all you need for this is: sudo apt-get build-dep --no-install-recommends --only-source linux cd linux-ubuntu-modules-200.com600.com24-200.com600.com24 If you need to change a config option, simply modify the file that contains the option00.com If you modify just the config file, it will affect all targets for this architecture00.com If you modify one of the target files, it only affects that target00.com AUTOBUILD=1 fakeroot debian/rules binary-debs You can enable parallel make (just like make -j) by defining the CONCURRENCY_LEVEL environment variable00.com Don't try to add the -j option to make-kpkg00.com Try 1+number of processor cores, e00.comg00.com 3 if you have a dual core processor00.com If you get an error, try running this in the kerneldir: (example for the "generic" flavour) http://www00.comhowtoforge00.comcom/kernel_compilation_ubuntu Compile a kernel from kernel00.comorg source in Ubuntu * You got to this page by mistake, and checked it out because it looked interesting, but you don't really want to learn a lot about kernels00.com Download the source package (detailed instructions are further down this page under Alternate Build Method: The Old-Fashioned Debian Way) - This is for users who simply want to modify, or play around with, the Ubuntu-patched kernel source00.com Again, this will not be the most up-to-date (use option #1/git if you need the latest source)00.com Please be aware this is NOT the same as option #2 To build the kernel(s) is very simple00.com Depending on your needs, you may want to build all the kernel targets, or just one specific to your system00.com However, you also want to make sure that you do not clash with the stock kernels00.com Edgy through Gutsy: To build one of the custom flavours (found in debian/binary-custom00.comd/), use: Rebuilding ''linux-restricted-modules'' * * sudo dpkg -i linux-image-200.com600.com20-16-2be-k7_200.com600.com20-16_i38600.comdeb * If you want to install a new kernel without compilation, you can use Synaptic, search for linux-image and select the kernel version you want to install00.com sudo cp /usr/share/doc/kernel-package/examples/etc/kernel/postrm00.comd/initramfs /etc/kernel/postrm00.comd/initramfs sudo apt-get install qt3-dev-tools libqt3-mt-dev # if you plan to use 'make xconfig' Before you run 'make menuconfig' or 'make xconfig' (which is what the next step tells you to do), make sure you have the necessary packages Note: you will need around 8 hours of compilation time and around 10 Gb of hard drive space to compile all kernel flavours and a restricted modules00.com Since 200.com600.com32 kernel, a new feature allows you to update the configuration to only compile modules that are actually used in your system: Intrepid, Jaunty, and Karmic: -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1756 2007-08-13 01:29 config00.comserver-bigiron After applying a patch, or adjusting the configs, it is always best to regenerate the config files to ensure they are consistent00.com There is a helper command for this00.com To regenerate all architectures run: Note: Outside reference Though these outside instructions include making a separate and unique branch of the kernel, unlike here, it is a thorough explanation of all necessary steps from start to finish00.com apt-get source linux-ubuntu-modules-$(uname -r) C) Download the source package AUTOBUILD=1 NOEXTRAS=1 fakeroot debian/rules binary-FLAVOUR The source will be downloaded to a subdirectory inside the current directory00.com make localmodconfig * You have hardware the stock Ubuntu kernel does not support00.com * An easier way is Click on System > Administration > Update Manager > Click on Check button > Apply all updates including kernel00.com -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1369 2007-08-13 01:29 config00.com386 debian/rules updateconfigs -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1330 2007-08-13 01:29 config00.comgeneric -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 218 2007-08-13 01:25 vars00.comserver-bigiron Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon (700.com10) and previous releases The stock Ubuntu configs are located in debian/config/ARCH/ where ARCH is the architecture you are building for (Starting with Jaunty this is debian00.commaster/config/ARCH/)00.com In this directory are several files00.com The config file is the base for all targets in that architecture00.com Then there are several config00.comFLAVOUR files that contain options specific to that target00.com For example, here are the files for 200.com600.com20, i386: sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-200.com600.com20-16-2be-k7_200.com600.com20-16_i38600.comdeb MAKEFLAGS="HOSTCC=/usr/bin/gcc CCACHE_PREFIX=distcc" make-kpkg --rootcmd fakeroot --initrd --append-to-version=-suspend2 kernel-image kernel-headers kernel-source As of this documentation, custom flavours include xen and rt00.com mkdir ~/src Use distcc and, if you're rebuilding often, ccache00.com A good overview of using distcc on a debian-based system is available at http://myrddin00.comorg/howto/using-distcc-with-debian00.com If you have AMD64 machines available on your local net, they can still participate in building 32-bit code; distcc seems to handle that automatically00.com However, with distcc taking over all compiles by default, you will need to set HOSTCC so that when kernel builds want to use the compiler on the host itself, they don't end up distributing jobs to the 64-bit server00.com If you fail to do that, you'll get link-compatibility failures between 64-bit and 32-bit code00.com My make-kpkg command, with /usr/lib/ccache at the head of my $PATH, looks like: * sudo apt-get install linux-source device-tree-compiler # device-tree-compiler is only needed if you are targeting the PowerPC architecture For most people, simply modifying the configs is enough00.com If you need to install a patch, read the instructions from the patch provider for how to apply00.com Lucid : http://blog00.comavirtualhome00.comcom/2010/05/05/how-to-compile-a-ubuntu-lucid-kernel/ * Download the source archive - This is for users who want to rebuild the standard Ubuntu packages with additional patches00.com Note that this will almost always be out of date compared to the latest development source, so you should use git (option #1) if you need the latest patches00.com To install the build dependencies and extract the source (to the current directory): The *00.comdeb packages will be created in the parent directory of your Linux source directory (in this example, it would be placed in ~/src because our Linux source directory is ~/src/linux-source-)00.com If needed, the Ubuntu modules source for Hardy (800.com04) can be built in similar way00.com UpgradeKernel , with easier ways00.com cd linux-source- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 2007-08-13 01:25 lowlatency Alternatively, if you need to specify a different kernel than that of the running kernel, use To build a specific target, use this command: If you would like to see what is different between your original kernel config and the new one (and decide whether you want any of the new features), you can run: * You are attempting to debug a problem in the stock Ubuntu kernel for which you have filed or will file a bug report00.com tar xjvf /usr/src/linux-source-00.comtar00.combz2 cd ~/src AUTOBUILD=1 fakeroot debian/rules binary-debs sudo apt-get install linux-kernel-devel fakeroot kernel-wedge build-essential makedumpfile sudo apt-get install libncurses5 libncurses5-dev # if you plan to use 'make menuconfig' * See CustomRestrictedModules on how to rebuild l-r-m (if you use nvidia or ATi binary drivers, you do)00.com sudo apt-get build-dep linux apt-get source --only-source linux If you want to see the ubuntu splash screen (or use text mode) before you get to X instead of just a black screen, you'll want to make sure the framebuffer driver loads: This page does NOT describe how to build upstream kernels from kernel00.comorg00.com This is how to rebuild the actual Ubuntu kernel source00.com If you use modules from linux-restricted-modules, you will need to recompile this against your new linux-headers package00.com AUTOBUILD=1 fakeroot debian/rules binary-debs KDIR=/path/to/kerneldir fakeroot make-kpkg --initrd --append-to-version=-some-string-here kernel-image kernel-headers sudo dpkg -i linux-ubuntu-modules-200.com600.com24-16-generic_200.com600.com24-1600.com23_i38600.comdeb Hardy: fakeroot debian/rules clean make oldconfig fakeroot debian/rules clean make prepare scripts Since Ubuntu Lucid (1000.com04) the image postinst no longer runs the initramfs creation commands00.com Instead, there are example scripts provided that will perform the task00.com These scripts will work for official kernel images as well00.com For example chmod a+x * Note: The package "makedumpfile" is not available in hardy00.com B) Download the source archive Intrepid : see: http://blog00.comavirtualhome00.comcom/2008/10/28/how-to-compile-a-custom-kernel-for-ubuntu-intrepid-using-git/00.com If you re-used the existing configuration, note that Ubuntu kernels build with debugging information on, which makes the resulting kernel modules (*00.comko files) much larger than they would otherwise be00.com To turn this off, go into "Kernel hacking"; then, under "Kernel debugging", turn OFF "Compile the kernel with debug info"00.com sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-lum-200.com600.com24-16-generic_200.com600.com24-1600.com23_i38600.comdeb fakeroot debian/rules clean For these two commands to work, you may need to give the scripts in the debian/scripts/misc directory execute permission with the following command: Reasons for compiling a custom kernel Then, regardless of whether you're re-using existing configuration or starting from scratch: Install the new kernel ls -l debian/config/i386/ AUTOBUILD=1 NOEXTRAS=1 fakeroot debian/rules custom-binary-FLAVOUR Get the kernel source sudo apt-get build-dep --no-install-recommends linux-ubuntu-modules-$(uname -r) Ubuntu modules source may also be needed if you plan to enable PAE and 64GB support in the kernel for 32bit Hardy (800.com04)00.com The Ubuntu supplied modules may not be compatible with PAE enabled kernel00.com Now that you've told initramfs-tools what modules it should include and the build is complete, you can install the generated debs using dpkg: * You merely need to compile a special driver00.com For this, you only need to install the linux-headers packages00.com The debs are placed in your kernel directory's parent directory00.com There are a few ways to obtain the Ubuntu kernel source: Now you are in the top directory of a kernel source tree00.com Before building the kernel, you must configure it00.com If you wish to re-use the configuration of your currently-running kernel, start with Note: The linux-kernel-devel package does not exist in intrepid, jaunty, or any newer relase00.com To compile the kernel on intrepid or newer, you'll also need to run: * Now you can compile the kernel and create the packages: If you have a more than one processor or more than one core, you can speed things up by running concurrent compile commands00.com Prepend CONCURRENCY_LEVEL=2 for two processors or two cores; replace '2' with whatever number suits your hardware setup (for Gutsy and later, you can alternatively use DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=parallel=2)00.com sudo apt-get build-dep --no-install-recommends linux-image-$(uname -r) DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=parallel=2 AUTOBUILD=1 NOEXTRAS=1 fakeroot debian/rules binary-generic Jaunty : http://blog00.comavirtualhome00.comcom/2009/09/08/how-to-compile-a-kernel-for-ubuntu-jaunty-revised/ To trigger a rebuild, remove the appropriate stamp file from debian/stamps (e00.comg00.com stamp-build-server for the server flavour, etc00.com)00.com The AUTOBUILD environment variable triggers special features in the kernel build00.com First, it skips normal ABI checks (ABI is the binary compatibility)00.com It can do this because it also creates a unique ABI ID00.com If you used a git repo, this unique ID is generated from the git HEAD SHA00.com If not, it is generated from the uuidgen program (which means every time you execute the debian/rules build, the UUID will be different!)00.com Your packages will be named using this ID00.com (Note that in Intrepid and newer, you will need "skipabi=true" to skip ABI checks00.com) The Linux-Restricted-Modules (l-r-m) package contains a number of non-DFSG-free drivers (as well as some firmware and the ipw3945 wireless networking daemon) which, in a perfect world, wouldn't have to be packaged separately, but which unfortunately are not available under a GPL-compatible license00.com If you use any of the hardware supported by the l-r-m package, you will likely find that your system does not work as well after switching to a custom kernel00.com In this case you should try to compile the l-r-m package00.com This will install the compiler related packages and kernel packaging tools00.com It will also install the git-core package, which is the best way to interact with the Ubuntu kernel source00.com sudo cp /usr/share/doc/kernel-package/examples/etc/kernel/postinst00.comd/initramfs /etc/kernel/postinst00.comd/initramfs * -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1395 2007-08-13 01:29 config00.comserver Modify the source for your needs apt-get source linux-source echo fbcon | sudo tee -a /etc/initramfs-tools/modules export CONCURRENCY_LEVEL=3 Where FLAVOUR is one of the main flavours of the kernel (e00.comg00.com generic) * * You need the kernel compiled in a special way, that the official kernel is not compiled in (for example, with some experimental feature enabled)00.com apt-get source linux-image-$(uname -r) Karmic : http://blog00.comavirtualhome00.comcom/2009/11/03/how-to-compile-a-kernel-for-ubuntu-karmic/ If you get ABI errors, you can avoid the ABI check with skipabi=true00.com For example, Ubuntu Hardy (800.com04), Intrepid Ibex (800.com10), Jaunty Jackalope (900.com04) sudo apt-get install linux-kernel-devel fakeroot kernel-wedge build-essential https://help00.comubuntu00.comcom/community/forum/software/CustomKernel Tools you'll need DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=parallel=2 AUTOBUILD=1 NOEXTRAS=1 skipabi=true fakeroot debian/rules binary-generic fakeroot debian/rules clean Similarly, if you have build the Ubuntu module for Hardy (800.com04) earlier, install them as follows: More documentation debian/rules clean creates debian/control, debian/changelog, and so on from debian00.com/* (e00.comg00.com debian00.commaster)00.com It is necessary in git trees following git commit 3ebd3729ce35b784056239131408b9a72b0288ef "UBUNTU: [Config] Abstract the debian directory" Reasons for NOT compiling a custom kernel cd linux-ubuntu-modules-200.com600.com24-200.com600.com24 Build the kernel (when source is from git repository, or from apt-get source) If you do not find the config files under debian/config, you may find them in your /boot directory, for instance, /boot/config-200.com600.com22-14-generic00.com Use git (detailed instructions on it can be found in the Kernel Git Guide) - This is for users who always want to stay in sync with the latest Ubuntu kernel source00.com

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